Acral lentiginous melanoma alm is a clinicopathologic variant of malignant melanoma of the skin. In the united states, the incidence rates of ssm, nm, lmm and alm are approximately 70%, 15%, %. Rooks textbook of dermatology is the most comprehensive work of reference available to the dermatologist. Its one of the few skin cancers not attributed to sun exposure. Acral lentiginous melanoma alm is the fourth clinicopathologic variant of malignant melanoma. Management of acral lentiginous melanoma intechopen. Covering all aspects of skin disease from basic science through pathology and epidemiology to clinical practice, the text is recognized for its unparalleled coverage of diagnosis.
Acral lentiginous melanoma is the least common subtype in the united states, representing only 2% to 8% of melanoma in caucasians, although it accounts for 29% to 72% of melanoma in darkcomplexioned individuals african americans, asians, and hispanics. Nevus spilus speckled lentiginous nevus, naevus sur. Australia has the highest rate of melanoma in the world with individuals having a one in 17 lifetime risk of developing melanoma. Acral lentiginous melanoma, breslow index, clark index. Acral lentiginous melanoma is a kind of lentiginous skin melanoma. An acral nevus is a cutaneous condition characterized by a skin lesion that is usually macular or only slightly elevated, and may display uniform brown or dark brown color, but often with linear striations 1726 they are nevi of palms and soles, which may occur in all ethnic groups but more common in dark skin people. The condition can develop in normalappearing skin or within an existing mole.
By yasuhiro nakamura, yukiko teramoto, sayuri sato and akifumi yamamoto. Proofs will be sent via email as an acrobat pdf portable document format file. Recognizing the symptoms early is key to getting effective treatment. Although acral lentiginous melanoma is rare in caucasians and people with lighter skin types, it is the most common subtype in people with darker skins. The difficulty for the diagnosis of this type of lesions consists in the fact that there is a lack of knowledge of the. It affects all skin types, and is the most common type of melanoma in darkskinned patients. It is a form of melanoma characterised by its site of origin. Melanoma acral lentiginoso, revision bibliografica scielo colombia. Acral lentiginous melanoma alm is a type of skin cancer.
Nonmelanoma medical definition merriamwebster medical. The melanoma acral lentiginoso represents 10% of all the melanomas, it is the most frequent form in the black race, it is located especially in feet in fingers and region subungueal, the election treatment is surgical in combination with the quimiotherapy. Merge pdf documents linux download mysitetaferretaferre. It occurs in the acral or peripheral parts of the limb, on the plantar or palmar surfaces of the hands and feet, or the subungual areas of the fingers or toes. Acrallentiginous melanoma primary care dermatology. Traditionally, alm is believed to have a poor prognosis because of its aggressive behavior and a short radial growth phase, compared with that of lentigo maligna melanoma 1. It occurs on volar surfaces of hands and feet, subungual sites, and fingers or toes.
Characteristic findings on physical examination a nevus spilus ns or speckled lentiginous nevus sln typically presents before the age of 2 as a light brown macule or patch containing smaller, more darkly pigmented macules or papules within the borders figure 1. What is acral lentiginous melanoma acral lentiginous melanoma is a type of melanoma arising on the palms or soles. Malignant melanoma is a form of skin cancer that happens when the skin cells called melanocytes become cancerous. It can also be amelanotic non pigmented, usually red.
Its relative rarity, atypical appearance and late presentation frequently serve as poor prognostic indicators. Dermis melanoma acrolentiginoso alm information on. We describe a case of recurrent alm in situ around the primary site during 8 years. Original research diagnosis and treatment of melanoma. Acral lentiginous melanoma genetic and rare diseases. Acral nevus is a benign skin tumor that can occur at any age, but is. Alm begins as a flat patch of discolored skin that may enlarge slowly over time. One of the four clinical types of malignant melanoma, uncommon in whites but the most common type in nonwhites. Management of acral lentiginous melanoma, melanoma from early detection to treatment, guy huynh thien duc, intechopen, doi. It starts in the soles of the feet, palms of the hands, or nails. Current surgical management of acral lentiginous melanoma.
It is rare in caucasians, but relatively much more common in people from the far east. Help us write another book on this subject and reach those readers. Recurrent acral lentiginous melanoma in situ suggesting. Acral lentiginous melanoma is a type of melanoma characterised by its site of origin on the palms, soles, or beneath the nail subungual melanoma. Pdf acral lentiginous melanoma is a skin cancer subtype caused by malignant transformation of the melanocytes. We present the case of a 64 yearold man, with a melanoma in face to plant and it interns. Melanoma, acral lentiginous rooks textbook of dermatology. Acral lentiginous melanoma alm is an uncommon, cutaneous malignant tumour which may arise on the foot. Acral lentiginous melanoma shows up as a dark spot or area of pigmentation on palms of the hands and soles of the feet. Malignant melanoma is a form of skin cancer that happens when the. Acral lentiginous melanoma alm is a subtype of melanoma that appears in the acral zones of the body. European consensusbased interdisciplinary guideline e update 2016 claus garbe a, ketty peris b, axel hauschild c, philippe saiag d, mark middleton e, lars bastholt f, jeanjacques grob g, josep malvehy h, julia newtonbishop i, alexander j. Acral lentiginous melanoma alm is a serious type of skin cancer that shows up on the soles of the feet, the palms of the hands, and under fingernails subungual melanoma. Acral lentiginous melanoma an overview sciencedirect.
Create pdf with go2pdf for free, if you wish to remove this line, click here to buy virtual. Acral lentiginous melanoma rarely affects light skinned people. It starts as an irregular enlarging black flat spot macule, most often on the palm and sole, less often on a. Scientists learn more about rare skin cancer that killed bob marley. Acral lentiginous melanoma alm is a type of melanoma that occurs on the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet. Acral lentiginous melanoma alm is the most common type of cutaneous melanoma in asians. Although acral lentiginous melanoma is rare in people with lighter skin types, it is the most common subtype in people with darker skins. Authoritative facts about the skin from dermnet new zealand. Acral lentiginous melanoma is notorious for going undetected because it appears like a normal, dark patch of skin so keep an eye on any new areas of pigment changes. However, it is one of the most common subtypes of melanoma in asians and people with dark skin.
Acral lentiginous melanoma on palm, soles or fingers and toes starts as an enlarging patch of discoloured skin. Melanocytes contain your skin color known as melanin or pigment. It is characterized by slow lentiginous radial growth and central plaquelike thickening, heavily pigmented tumor cells, markedly thickened papillary dermis, and. Acral lentiginous melanoma is observed on the palms, soles, under the nails and in. The difficulty for the diagnosis of this type of lesions consists in the fact that there is a lack of knowledge of the clinical melanoma characteristics in these areas. In fact, it accounts for up to 72% of melanoma cases in darkskinned patients and less than 1% of caucasian patients.
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